Connecting people to a sustainable landscape
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Connecting people to a sustainable landscape |
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All are native species
to
CONIFERSBALSAM FIR –
Abies balsamea – Soft, waxy, deep green aromatic fir prized for
holiday decoration. Commonly found in cool, moist, well-drained soils.
Prefers full sunlight. Useful to birds for roosting and nesting, seeds
are eaten by chickadees and others; deer & moose browse twigs. Mature
height 40-60' with 20-25' spread. H
ó P
EASTERN HEMLOCK – Tsuga Canadensis
– Dark green and graceful, this evergreen can make an attractive screen
or a nice contrast to deciduous trees. Likely found on moist, well-drained
acidic soils, rocky ledges, or sandy soils. Shade tolerant & often
found in the understory, but does not prefer high winds or droughts. It
is a preferred nesting site for wood thrushes, warblers and robins; chickadees,
pine siskins and goldfinches enjoy its seeds; provides winter cover for
deer. Mature height of 60-75' H
ó EASTERN WHITE PINE – Pinus strobus
– Hardy evergreen with soft green foliage that grows majestically
tall. Prefers moderately well-drained soils. Moderately drought tolerant.
Tolerates full sun to partial shade. Excellent food and cover for red
squirrels, many birds, small mammals and deer. Mature height 75-100'.
H ó
NORTHERN WHITE CEDAR – Thuja
occidentalis – Very hardy, easily transplanted ornamental evergreen.
Grows well in a variety of soils, prefers loamy moist soils. Likes full
to partial sun. Used as screen or hedge in landscaping, favorite browse
for deer and rabbits & winter cover for many songbirds. Mature height
25-50' with 10-15' spread. H
ó P
TAMARACK (LARCH) – Larix laricina
– Very attractive, fast growing conifer whose soft green needles turn
gold in autumn and provide some of the earliest and latest color in the
landscape before they drop off in Sept. or Oct.; the only deciduous conifer!
Best grown on rich, moist, well-drained soils along streams & lakes.
Good nest tree for birds and preferred food of crossbills and purple finches.
Mature height 40-80’. H
ó DECIDUOUS TREESAMERICAN ELM – Ulmus americana
– A treasured ornamental and shade tree that is reduced in numbers due
to Dutch elm disease. This tree source is from a Dutch elm disease resistant
stand; please help us replace our lost elms! Enjoy the graceful spreading
form and arching crowns. Prefers full to partial sun. Prefers moist to
wet soils. Buds, blossoms, and winged seeds invite birds during the spring
months when little else is available. Mature height 100'. ó
P BLACK CHERRY – Prunus serotina
– Wonderful specimen tree in any yard. Beautiful white flowers in late
May are appreciated by humans and the black cherries, lasting from summer
to fall, are enjoyed by 54 species of birds, also bear, raccoon, deer,
squirrel and rabbit. Fruit is also great for making wine and jelly. Grows
in a variety of sites, resistant to drought and heat but intolerant to
shade and flooding. Mature height 60'.H ó
NORTHERN
RED OAK – Quercus rubra – Stately and attractive, wide-spreading
tree when grown in the open. Acorns are staples for a number of mammals
and birds for winter preparation. Prefers sandy, well-drained soils and
full sun but is intolerant of high pH soils. Reaches maximum height of
80' H ó
PAPER
BIRCH – Betula papyrifera – The best of the white birches.
White peeling bark is aesthetically pleasing. The catkins, buds and seeds
are a common food source for a number of small birds, including goldfinches.
Grows best on well-drained soils but will do fine in moist conditions
too. Mature height 50-75+'. H
ó RED
MAPLE –Acer rubrum – Noticeable
delicate flowers at the first sign of spring, green leaves in summer that
turn the brilliant red in fall that VT is famous for! Often found in moister,
lowland soils but tolerates a variety of textures and moisture conditions;
prefers to grow in full sun. Provides food for yellow-bellied sapsucker,
cardinal, evening grosbeak and browse for deer and rabbits. Grows to 40-70'
in height. ó P
SILVER
MAPLE – Acer saccharinum – A fast growing shade tree with gracefully,
arching branches and bright green leaves with silvery undersides that
turn yellow in fall. Grows best on well-drained, moist sites and is commonly
found on river floodplains. Maples provide food and cover for a number
of birds and animals. Mature height 75-120'. ó
P SUGAR
MAPLE – Acer saccharum – The Vermont heritage tree provides
sap for maple syrup production, 300 year-old majestic roadside giants,
and autumn foliage's most vibrant colors. Thrives on fertile, moist, well-drained
soils, not tolerant of wet or compacted soils. Shade tolerant. Seeds provide
fair summer food for grouse, snowshoe hare, and porcupine.
Provides good nest sites for robin, vireo, and goldfinches. Mature
height 60-100+'. H ó
WHITE
OAK – Quercus alba – Majestic, slow growing tree, prized for
its wildlife benefit. Growth is good on all but the driest, shallow soils,
but is best on deep, well-drained loamy soils. Prefers full sun. Acorns
are great food sources for wildlife.
ó YELLOW
BIRCH –Betula lenta – Attractive golden, peeling bark on older
trees. Preferred nest tree for red-shouldered hawks. Grows best on moderately
drained soils but tolerates poorly drained soils. Mature height 50-75’.
ó SHRUBS ** Shrubs, due to being less than 30' tall, are generally considered "Utilities Friendly" and are more suitable for planting under or near utility lines. BUTTONBUSH –Cephalanthus
occidentalis – a large woody shrub-3-10' tall; fragrant flower forms
a pompom -like seed cluster 1" in diameter. Seeds readily eaten by waterfowl,
nectar enjoyed by hummingbirds, and nesting for red-winged blackbirds.
Prefers wetter soils and lowland areas, can even exist in standing
water. Prefers full or partial sun and can reach 15' in height. H
ó P
CHOKEBERRY-Aronia melanocarpa-
Very ornamental due to its flowery blossoms and colorful fruit. Elliptical,
fine toothed leaves 2 to 5 inches long. Turns rich red and orange in autumn.
Holds its fruit into winter. Spreads by suckering. The fruit and buds
are a favorite food of the ruffed grouse. The fruit is also prized by
turkey, pheasant, cedar waxwing, and many others. H
ó COMMON PURPLE LILAC – Syringa
vulgaris – One of the showiest shrubs, ideal for large hedges
and providing habitat and food for birds and other wildlife. Its fragrant,
pale purple flower clusters are an indisputable sign that spring is here!
Prefers well-drained soils, partial to full sun. Long-lived and tolerates
urban conditions. Mature height 9-12'. H
ó
SERVICEBERRY-Amelanchier canadensis – first
to adorn the spring landscape with small white flowers; summer fruit similar
to those of a blueberry; fall brings vibrantly colored foliage. Approves
of full to partial sun and is adaptable to a variety of soil types. Grows
to 20' in height and should be planted 6-8 feet apart. H
ó SILKY DOGWOOD –Cornus
amomum- Fast growing shrub, reaches mature height of 6-10'. Food and
cover for many songbirds, gamebirds and mammals. Good lower streambank,
lakeshore protection species. Prefers full sun or partial shade and grows
in a variety of soil types. H
ó P
SPECKLED ALDER –Alnus
rugosa – Good food and cover for game birds and some songbirds, grows
well in nutrient-poor moist to wet soils, and prefers full sun. Good for
wetland soils and streambanks. Mature height can be 15-25 feet. ó
P FRUITS AND BERRIESBLUE RAY x BLUE CROP BLUEBERRIES
– Vaccinium, spp.- Early to Midseason highbush blueberries- grow
to 4-6 feet tall. Big clusters of large, light blue, sweet berries on
hardy bushes, white flowers in spring, and red foliage in fall. Firm skins
resist cracking. Prefer pH around 5.0. Blueberries are sold in pairs (one
blue ray and one blue crop per order) to ensure proper cross-pollination.
H ó
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=good
for rural residence H
=low maintenance/suburban use ó=
wildlife food/shelter P
= good riparian (riverside) planting 
=attractive
flowers 
=
suitable for rain gardens 
=good
for lakeshores