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Winooski Natural Resources Conservation District
Connecting people to a sustainable landscape
Rain Gardens!
     A rain garden is an attractive, landscaped garden that is used to treat stormwater runoff, usually from a roof, parking lot, or other impervious surface. The garden is planted in an excavated shallow depression (usually 4-8” deep) that is strategically located to collect storm runoff coming from a roof or parking lot.

    During a rain event, the garden will temporarily fill with water, but this water will infiltrate back into the soil within a few hours. In this way, most of the stormwater is returned to the groundwater supply, instead of running over the land and directly into our stormdrains, streams, and lakes. Rain gardens also help prevent pollutants from reaching our streams, since toxins in runoff often adhere to soil particles in the garden, or are taken up by plants.


Rain Gardens & UIC Permitting

The Vermont Agency of Natural Resources strongly supports the concept of rain gardens as an important means to both reduce overall stormwater runoff and to encourage infiltration. Currently, as the result of an overly expansive definition, the Agency's Underground Injection Control (UIC) rule would technically require a UIC permit for all rain garden projects. However the Agency has written and adopted a procedure that, in effect, exempts: 1) residential rain gardens that capture roof runoff from a home and 2) non-residential rain gardens that capture stormwater runoff from impervious surfaces (such as a parking lot, school rooftop, street, etc) that encompass less than 1 acre.

Any non-residential rain garden, regardless of size, must be registered with the Agency.

Rain gardens designed to capture stormwater runoff from an impervious surface greater than 1 acre may be subject to a UIC permit.

Registration is free and the form can be downloaded at UICStormwaterRegistrationForm. (pdf file). A sample of a completed registration form can be viewed at sample UIC registration form (pdf file). For more information about the UIC Program, visit http://www.anr.state.vt.us/dec/ww/uic.htm

Rooftop to River - Rain Garden Contest

You are invited to compete for prizes while making your property attractive and protecting the quality of your local lakes and streams.
Enter Now, Registration is Free
.

For details, visit the Rooftop to River - Rain Garden Contest page.


Vermont Rain Garden Manual: Gardening to Absorb the Storm

Just in time for spring, Vermont’s own Rain Garden Manual: Gardening to Absorb the Storm and the accompanying plant list are available for free to anyone who is interested in protecting our local rivers and lakes through gardening. This twenty page, full color Manual includes step-by-step instructions on rain garden design and installation; five creative planting plans; information about curb-cut rain gardens (perfect for urban streetscapes); a rain garden plant list (including 150 plants suitable for Vermont rain gardens), and an explanation of how rain gardens are compatible with the Vermont Stormwater Management Manual.

Starting April 1st, pick up a copy of the Manual at Elmore Roots Nursery (800-42-PLANT), Elmore, and Arcana Gardens & Greenhouse (802-899-5123), Jericho. These two local garden centers have demonstrated a commitment to protecting our local waterways by providing financial support and committing to carry rain garden specific plants and supplies.

The manual and plant list can be downloaded for free by clicking on The Manual and The Plant List Insert in the following table.

The Manual
(a pdf file, size 2.2MB)
20 Pages, Full Color
Prints on 8.5x11 paper
or
(a pdf file, size .2MB)
(Pages 11-14 of the manual)


This work is sponsored in part by: Lake Champlain Sea Grant, NOAA National Sea Grant College Program, US DoC.; The Cooperative State Research, Education, and Extension Service, US Department of Agriculture, under Agreement No. 204-51130-03108; Environmental Protection Agency; Chittenden Bank

Rain Gardens in Vermont

In 2006, the District installed two demonstration rain gardens in the Butler Farms Oak Creek neighborhood in South Burlington with funding from the EPA and the City of South Burlington. Rain gardens are becoming popular all across the country as a means to keep stormwater off of driveways, sidewalks, and streets. Stormwater is runoff from rain fall or snowmelt that travels across rooftops and pavement, down storm drains, and directly into nearby rivers.
      The problem is that stormwater picks up hazardous substances such as car related toxins, pet feces, fertilizer, and pesticides and carries them to the river causing serious water quality issues.

View More Local Rain Gardens
.



13 Butler Drive Rain Garden

60 Moss Glen Rain Garden
How to Build a Rain Garden
  • Rain gardens for individual houses or buildings are generally between 100 to 400 square feet in size, although they can be much larger if you have a very large impervious area to treat.

  • The exact size of the garden should be determined by calculating the square footage of roof or pavement which will drain to the garden, and making the garden about 30% of this area. Compute how much water will run off from your roof.

  • Rain gardens should be sited in a level to gently sloping area and at least 10 feet from the building’s foundation.

  • If your building has rain gutters, it is usually simplest to site the garden where rainwater from one of the gutter downspouts can easily be directed into the garden.

  • Where clay soils are found, the soil in the garden will likely need to be amended with a mixture of sand, compost & topsoil to improve infiltration.

  • Rainwater can be directed from your downspout to the rain garden with many types of downspout extensions, or even a plastic HDPE pipe buried below the grass.

  • Edging (rocks, cobbles, plastic, etc.) can be used to create a defined look and help keep out weeds & grass.

  • Be aware of underground service lines or utilities! Call you local utility company or Dig Safe before you dig!



More detailed instructions are in our Vermont Rain Garden Manual: Gardening to Absorb the Storm (described above) and in the Rain Garden Brochure (pdf file)

Plants For Rain Gardens

     The most important criteria in choosing plants for a rain garden is that they should be able to withstand some brief inundation by water, but also need to be tolerant of drier periods. Native plants are often an excellent choice, since they are extremely well adapted to our climate and are easy to care for. Many attractive native plants can be found at local nurseries and garden centers throughout Vermont; some of these are listed below. Consider using a combination of different types of plant in your garden, including flowering perennials, grasses, sedges, ferns, and small shrubs.
An Extensive List of Plants for Rain Gardens
More Rain Garden Resources
For more detailed information on rain gardens, their benefits, and construction, please consult the following resources:
WEB BASED
VERMONT ORGANIZATIONS
  • Winooski Natural Resources Conservation District:
    Jessica Andreoletti, Assistant Manager:
    jessica,andreoletti@vt.nacdnet.net
    or 802-865-7895 x 104
  • VT Agency of Natural Resources
    Karen Bates, Watershed Coordinator: Karen.bates@vt.state.us or 802-777-7777
     
  • University of Vermont Extension:
    Emma Melvin, Outreach and Education

  • UVM Extension Master Gardener Hotline:
    802-444-4444


Parts of this page are from a brochure produced by the Winooski Natural Resources Conservation District 1193 South Brownell Rd, Williston, VT 05495 with financial assistance from the following organizations:

Vermont Agency of Natural Resources
Environmental Protection Agency
South Burlington Stormwater Services

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Berlin Office
Winooski Conservation District
617 Comstock Rd., Suite 1
Berlin, VT 05602-8498
(802) 828-4493 Ext. 110

Williston Office
Winooski Conservation District
1193 South Brownell Road, Suite 35
Williston, VT 05495
(802) 865-7895 Ext.104


Page Update 04/24/2008 by MSW